What are ports? |
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| Author:
| unknown
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| Submitted: |
24-Jan-2002 20:10:34 |
| Imported From: |
zZine (original author: d-_-b)
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| Each process that wants to communicate with another process identifies itself to the TCP/IP protocol suite by one or more ports. A port is a 16-bit number, used by the host-to-host protocol to identify to which application program (process) it must deliver incoming transmissions.
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Some programs are standard in the TCP/IP protocol implemented such as telnet and ftp (file transmission protocol). They use the same portnumber in all TCP/IP implementations. Those ports are assigned ports also called well-known ports.
Each port has a number. The port for irc has the number 6667 ,the port for ftp has the number 21. The "well-known ports" occupy portnumbers in the range of 0 to 1023.The ports with numbers in the range 1024-65535 are not "well-known ports" and they can be used by ordinary user-developed programs.
Here is a list of the most important port numbers and their function.
List of ports
0 Reserved
1 TCP Port Service Multiplexer
2 Management Utility
3 Compression Process
4 Unassigned
5 Remote Job Entry
6 Unassigned
7 Echo
8 Unassigned
9 Discard
10 Unassigned
11 Active Users
12 Unassigned
13 Daytime (RFC 867)
14 Unassigned
15 Unassigned [was netstat]
16 Unassigned
17 Quote of the Day
18 Message Send Protocol
19 Character Generator
20 ftp-data
21 ftp (file transfer protocol)
22 SSH Remote Login Protocol
23 Telnet
24 any private mail system
25 SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
26 Unassigned
27 NSW User System FE
28 Unassigned
29 MSG ICP
30 Unassigned
31 MSG Authentication
32 Unassigned
33 Display Support Protocol
34 Unassigned
35 any private printer server
36 Unassigned
37 Time
38 Route Access Protocol
39 Resource Location Protocol
40 Unassigned
41 Graphics
42 Host Name Server
43 Who Is
44 MPM FLAGS Protocol
45 Message Processing Module [recv]
46 MPM [default send]
47 NI FTP
48 Digital Audit Daemon
49 Login Host Protocol (TACACS)
50 Remote Mail Checking Protocol
51 IMP Logical Address Maintenance
52 XNS Time Protocol
53 Domain Name Server
54 XNS Clearinghouse
55 ISI Graphics Language
56 XNS Authentication
57 any private terminal access
58 XNS Mail
59 any private file service
60 Unassigned
61 NI MAIL
62 ACA Services
63 whois++
64 Communications Integrator (CI)
65 TACACS-Database Service
66 Oracle SQL*NET
67 Bootstrap Protocol Server
68 Bootstrap Protocol Client
69 Trivial File Transfer
70 Gopher
71 Remote Job Service
72 Remote Job Service
73 Remote Job Service
74 Remote Job Service
75 any private dial out service
76 Distributed External Object Store
77 any private RJE service
78 vettcp
79 Finger
80 World Wide Web HTTP
81 HOSTS2 Name Server
82 XFER Utility
83 MIT ML Device
84 Common Trace Facility
85 MIT ML Device
86 Micro Focus Cobol
87 any private terminal link
88 Kerberos
89 SU/MIT Telnet Gateway
90 DNSIX Securit Attribute Token Map
91 MIT Dover Spooler
92 Network Printing Protocol
93 Device Control Protocol
94 Tivoli Object Dispatcher
95 SUPDUP
96 DIXIE Protocol Specification
97 Swift Remote Virtural File Protocol
98 TAC News
99 Metagram Relay
100 [unauthorized use]
101 NIC Host Name Server
102 ISO-TSAP Class 0
103 Genesis Point-to-Point Trans Net
104 ACR-NEMA Digital Imag. & Comm. 300
105 CCSO name server protocol
105 Mailbox Name Nameserver
106 3COM-TSMUX
107 Remote Telnet Service
108 SNA Gateway Access Server
109 Post Office Protocol - Version 2
110 Post Office Protocol - Version 3
111 SUN Remote Procedure Call
112 McIDAS Data Transmission Protocol
113 Authentication Service
114 Audio News Multicast
115 Simple File Transfer Protocol
116 ANSA REX Notify
117 UUCP Path Service
118 SQL Services
119 Network News Transfer Protocol
120 CFDPTKT
121 Encore Expedited Remote Pro.Call
122 SMAKYNET
123 Network Time Protocol
124 ANSA REX Trader
125 Locus PC-Interface Net Map Ser
126 Unisys Unitary Login
127 Locus PC-Interface Conn Server
128 GSS X License Verification
129 Password Generator Protocol
130 cisco FNATIVE
131 cisco TNATIVE
132 cisco SYSMAINT
133 Statistics Service
134 INGRES-NET Service
135 DCE endpoint resolution
136 PROFILE Naming System
137 NETBIOS Name Service
138 NETBIOS Datagram Service
139 NETBIOS Session Service
140 EMFIS Data Service
141 EMFIS Control Service
142 Britton-Lee IDM
143 Internet Message Access Protocol
145 UAAC Protocol
146 ISO-IP0
147 ISO-IP
148 Jargon
149 AED 512 Emulation Service
150 SQL-NET
151 HEMS
152 Background File Transfer Program
153 SGMP
154 NETSC
155 NETSC
156 SQL Service
157 KNET/VM Command/Message Protocol
158 PCMail Server
159 NSS-Routing
160 SGMP-TRAPS
161 SNMP
162 SNMPTRAP
163 CMIP/TCP Manager
164 CMIP/TCP Agent
165 Xerox
166 Sirius Systems
167 NAMP
168 RSVD
169 SEND
170 Network PostScript
171 Network Innovations Multiplex
172 Network Innovations CL/1
173 Xyplex
174 MAILQ
175 VMNET
176 GENRAD-MUX
177 X Display Manager Control Protocol
178 NextStep Window Server
179 Border Gateway Protocol
180 Intergraph
181 Unify
182 Unisys Audit SITP
183 OCBinder
184 OCServer
185 Remote-KIS
186 KIS Protocol
187 Application Communication Interface
188 Plus Five's MUMPS
189 Queued File Transport
190 Gateway Access Control Protocol
191 Prospero Directory Service
192 OSU Network Monitoring System
193 Spider Remote Monitoring Protocol
194 Internet Relay Chat Protocol
195 DNSIX Network Level Module Audit
196 DNSIX Session Mgt Module Audit Redir
197 Directory Location Service
198 Directory Location Service Monitor
199 SMUX
200 IBM System Resource Controller
201 AppleTalk Routing Maintenance
202 AppleTalk Name Binding
203 AppleTalk Unused
204 AppleTalk Echo
205 AppleTalk Unused
206 AppleTalk Zone Information
207 AppleTalk Unused
208 AppleTalk Unused
209 The Quick Mail Transfer Protocol
210 ANSI Z39.50
211 Texas Instruments 914C/G Terminal
212 ATEXSSTR
213 IPX
214 VM PWSCS
215 Insignia Solutions
216 Computer Associates Int'l License Server
217 dBASE Unix
218 Netix Message Posting Protocol
219 Unisys ARPs
220 Interactive Mail Access Protocol v3
221 Berkeley rlogind with SPX auth
222 Berkeley rshd with SPX auth
223 Certificate Distribution Center
242 Direct
243 Survey Measurement
244 Dayna
245 LINK
246 Display Systems Protocol
247 SUBNTBCST_TFTP
256 RAP
257 Secure Electronic Transaction
258 Yak Winsock Personal Chat
259 Efficient Short Remote Operations
260 Openport
280 http-mgmt
281, 309 EntrustTime
344 Prospero Data Access Protocol
345 Perf Analysis Workbench
346 Zebra server
347 Fatmen Server
348 Cabletron Management Protocol
349 mftp
350 MATIP Type A
351 MATIP Type B
371 Clearcase
372 ListProcessor
373 Legent Corporation
374 Legent Corporation
375 Hassle
376 Amiga Envoy Network Inquiry Proto
377 NEC Corporation
378 NEC Corporation
379 TIA/EIA/IS-99 modem client
380 TIA/EIA/IS-99 modem server
381 hp performance data collector
382 hp performance data managed node
383 hp performance data alarm manager
384 A Remote Network Server System
385 IBM Application
386 ASA Message Router Object Def.
387 Appletalk Update-Based Routing Pro.
388 Unidata LDM Version 4
389 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
390 UIS
391 SynOptics SNMP Relay Port
392 SynOptics Port Broker Port
393 Data Interpretation System
394 EMBL Nucleic Data Transfer
395 NETscout Control Protocol
396 Novell Netware over IP
397 Multi Protocol Trans. Net.
398 Kryptolan
399 ISO Transport Class 2 Non-Control over TCP
400 Workstation Solutions
401 Uninterruptible Power Supply
402 Genie Protocol
403 decap
404 nced
405 ncld
406 Interactive Mail Support Protocol
407 Timbuktu
408 Prospero Resource Manager Sys. Man.
409 Prospero Resource Manager Node Man.
410 DECLadebug Remote Debug Protocol
411 Remote MT Protocol
412 Trap Convention Port
413 SMSP
414 InfoSeek
415 BNet
416 Silverplatter
417 Onmux
418 Hyper-G
419 Ariel
420 SMPTE
421 Ariel
422 Ariel
423 IBM Operations Planning and Control Start
424 IBM Operations Planning and Control Track
425 ICAD
426 smartsdp
427 Server Location
428 OCS_CMU
429 OCS_AMU
430 UTMPSD
431 UTMPCD
432 IASD
433 NNSP
434 MobileIP-Agent
35 MobilIP-MN
436 DNA-CML
437 comscm
438 dsfgw
443 ssl
444 snpp, Simple Network Paging Protocol
445 SMB
458 QuickTime TV/Conferencing
468 Photuris
500 ISAKMP, pluto
512 biff, rexec
513 who, rlogin
514 syslog, rsh
515 lp, lpr, line printer
517 talk
520 RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
521 RIPng
522 ULS
531 IRC
543 KLogin, AppleShare over IP
545 QuickTime
548 AFP
554 Real Time Streaming Protocol
555 phAse Zero
563 NNTP over SSL
575 VEMMI
581 Bundle Discovery Protocol
593 MS-RPC
608 SIFT/UFT
626 Apple ASIA
631 IPP (Internet Printing Protocol)
635 mountd
636 sldap
642 EMSD
648 RRP (NSI Registry Registrar Protocol)
655 tinc
660 Apple MacOS Server Admin
666 Doom
674 ACAP
687 AppleShare IP Registry
700 buddyphone
705 AgentX for SNMP
901 swat, realsecure
993 s-imap
995 s-pop
1062 Veracity
1080 SOCKS
1085 WebObjects
1227 DNS2Go
1243 SubSeven
1338 Millennium Worm
1352 Lotus Notes
1381 Apple Network License Manager
1417 Timbuktu
1418 Timbuktu
1419 Timbuktu
1433 Microsoft SQL Server
1434 Microsoft SQL Monitor
1494 Citrix ICA, MS Terminal Server
1503 T.120
1521 Oracle SQL
1525 prospero
1526 prospero
1527 tlisrv
1604 Citrix ICA, MS Terminal Server
1645 RADIUS Authentication
1646 RADIUS Accounting
1680 Carbon Copy
1701 L2TP/LSF
1717 Convoy
1720 H.323/Q.931
1755 Windows Media .asf
1758 TFTP multicast
1812 RADIUS server
1813 RADIUS accounting
1818 ETFTP
1973 DLSw DCAP/DRAP
1985 HSRP
1999 Cisco AUTH
2001 glimpse
2049 NFS
2064 distributed.net
2065 DLSw
2066 DLSw
2106 MZAP
2140 DeepThroat
2301 Compaq Insight Management Web Agents
2327 Netscape Conference
2336 Apple UG Control
2427 MGCP gateway
2504 WLBS
2535 MADCAP
2543 sip
2592 netrek
2727 MGCP call agent
2628 DICT
2998 ISS Real Secure Console Service Port
3000 Firstclass
3031 Apple AgentVU
3128 squid
3130 ICP
3150 DeepThroat
3264 ccmail
3283 Apple NetAssitant
3288 COPS
3305 ODETTE
3306 mySQL
3389 NT Terminal Server
3521 netrek
4000 icq, command-n-conquer
4321 rwhois
4333 mSQL
4827 HTCP
5004 RTP
5005 RTP
5010 Yahoo! Messenger
5060 SIP
5190 AIM
5500 securid
5501 securidprop
5423 Apple VirtualUser
5631 PCAnywhere data
5632 PCAnywhere
5800 VNC
5801 VNC
5900 VNC
5901 VNC
6000 X Windows
6112 BattleNet
6502 Netscape Conference
6667 IRC
6670 VocalTec Internet Phone, DeepThroat
6699 napster
6776 Sub7
6970 RTP
7007 MSBD, Windows Media encoder
7070 RealServer/QuickTime
7648 CU-SeeMe
7649 CU-SeeMe
8010 WinGate 2.1
8080 HTTP
8181 HTTP
8383 IMail WWW
8875 napster
8888 napster
10008 cheese worm
11371 PGP 5 Keyserver
13223 PowWow
13224 PowWow
1437 Palm
14238 Palm
18888 LiquidAudio
21157 Activision
23213 PowWow
23214 PowWow
23456 EvilFTP
26000 Quake
27001 QuakeWorld
27010 Half-Life
27015 Half-Life
27960 QuakeIII
30029 AOL Admin
31337 Back Orifice
32777 rpc.walld
40193 Novell
41524 arcserve discovery
45000 Cisco NetRanger postofficed
32773 rpc.ttdbserverd
32776 rpc.spray
32779 rpc.cmsd
38036 timestep
Note that there are many more ports but i think this list contains a large amount of the most used ports. There are a few important ports which you should always remember. Here 's a short list:
21 ftp
23 telnet
80 http
139 netBIOS
6667 IRC
Now open MS-DOS and type "netstat -n" whithout the quotes. You'll get something like this:
TCP 217.136.104.36:1049 205.186.8.162:5190 ESTABLISHED
It shows all the active connections you have on that moment. On the left side there's your IP and the port behind it which you are connected to another service.
On the right side you see the IP address which you are connected to trough the port behind the IP address. And ESTABLISHED means your connection is established. You also can have TIME-WAIT. It means that the connection waits untill it gets a signal to be established.
This was just and example where you can see the ports. And i myself think that the netstat command is very useful. There are more commands similar like netstat -n but for that you'll have to read another tutorial. ;)
I hope you all enjoyed reading this tutorial!
Later all,
d00m
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